The Relationship Between Human and Nature Essay Example for Free

The Relationship Between Human and Nature Essay After reading the article in our text book Is weather getting worse, I learn that despite of the increased disasters brought about by bad weather, scientists are hesitant to say the weather is getting worse for lack of strong data to prove the statement. As harsh weather happens infrequently, it is difficult for scientists to come up with enough scientifically sound statistics. Besides, even if they had good numbers, the present computer resolution is still too coarse to be able to make definite predictions. Although the hypothesis that global warming is to blame for harsh weather arouses wide attention among scientists, no one can provide enough evidence to prove it. El Nino is the periodic warming of the equatorial Pacific that induces storms and other climatic events, historically occurs once every three or seven years and lasts for up to two years. It can cause storms, floods, droughts, and secondary effects like fires. I also referred to some other articles about human and nature, one of which is called The Role of Animal-derived Remedies as Complementary Medicine in Brazil. In this article, they report on the use of 283 medicinal animal species in Brazil, 96% of which are wild caught and 27% of which are on one or more lists of endangered species. Further population declines may limit users’access to these bioresources and diminish the knowledge base upon which traditional medicine is built. Though largely different, these articles lead me to think of the relationship between human and nature. I am a girl deeply in love with nature, the plants, the animals, the rivers, the mountains, and I have a date with the grassland. When I was 10 years old, I was shocked by the breath-taking beauty of the intriguing grassland on TV, hoping that one day I could ride on a fine horse gallopping across the vast plain. Now I am 20 years old and not a long time later, I will be armed with enough time and money to travel to the grassland. But I am worried. I am afraid that the grassland will disappear totally before I am able to embrace it because of human beings cruel activity of destroying nature. It is widely known that nature, the environment which human beings live by, s magnificent and unique. There is only one earth with super living conditions in the universe. We should have cherished nature and preserved it. Conversely, however, we have been continually spoiling it, even to a shocking degree. Now lets see what we have done. Thousands of trees have been cut down per year, which has caused soil erosion. Hundreds of thousands of tons of CFCS have been left in the higher sky in the last decade which has led to the ozone layer leak above the South Pole that covers an area of that of the United States. Million tons of fuel containing nitrogen and sulphur have been consumed per year, which has eventually resulted in acid rain throughout the world. Similarly, ecology has been affected as well. And considerable number of species have been extinct. As the years go by, many creatures, common in the past, are becoming less and less, even rare. The Tibet antelope, for instance, is a good example. Since the antelopes of Tibet have a part of fur on their body which can be made into a precious cape, driven by some lawless dealers many villagers killed antelopes excessively and shocking for the large suns of fortune. Because of this, the number of the antelopes of Tibet has sharply fallen from over one million to less than one hundred thousand. And whats more, the number has now decreased by 20 thousand per year. Qing Zang Platean, which was their homeland, is their tombs now. This is how nature has suffered what we have done to it. However, nature cant suffer any more. She lost her temper and could no longer possibly put up with humans. She gave humans harsh punishment, which she thought they deserved. The acid rain has caused the less of more than 100 billion dollars throughout the world per year. And because of desertisation, soil is becoming more and more barren. The soil of many planes is now until for growing plants. The air is less fresh, and a lot of people even get many strange diseases. The acid rain has caused the loss of more than 100 billion dollars throughout the world per year. And because of desertisation, soil is becoming more and more barren. The air is less fresh, and a lot of people even get many strange diseases. Those are all the punishments of nature to humans pollution. On the other hand, human being suffer a lot as well. The period from now to the year of 2080, the global average temperature will rise by 2-4 centigrades. 1100-3200 million people will have trouble in getting safe and clean drinking water. 200-600 million people will be threatened with starvation. 200-700 million residents of the coastal regions will suffer catastrophic floods and waterlogging. So it leads to a serious of questions Why cant we live harmoniously with nature? Why cant we set a balance between human and nature? Why cant we pay more attention to nature and try to reserve it? Therefore, before we take immediate measures to do something, we should be aware of the fact that Conquering nature will never be our goal, instead, we should look on nature as our intimate friend. Preserving nature is not only preserving our home, but the civilization of human community as well. My dear friends, lets do something to protect our earth, our home. Lets reserve a blue sky for the birds, a piece of ice for the polar bears, a body of water for the fish and a grassland for me to travel to.

Recruitment And Selection Plays A Vital Role In Every Industry

Recruitment And Selection Plays A Vital Role In Every Industry Recruitment and Selection plays a vital role in every industry. Recruitment is also the process of locating and attracting the applicants which are capable for the vacancy. Recruitment and selection both are very closely linked. Both of the activities directs towards achieving the appropriate candidate with the requisite competencies and attitudes. The recruitment can also be understood as the foundation for the selection process by providing the number of applicants from which the selection panel and select the suitable candidates. So it is the source of manpower to meet the requirements which are needed in the staffing (Flippo, 2000). There are basically two types of recruitment, internal and external. Internal recruitment can be understood as they where the suitable candidate is chosen amongst the employees within the organization; however external recruitment is where the suitable candidate with the required competencies and attitudes are chosen externally. In simple words the ou tsiders are invited to fill the current vacancy. The aims of recruitment are: To get a pool of candidates with appropriate competencies for the vacant posts To choose the candidate with the fair process To make sure that all the recruitment activities are achieved as per lines to the organizational goals The recruitment process is conducted in a cost effective manner The term selection can be the best understood as the process to fill the vacancy either internally or externally. . It is to make a choice among all the applicants and to choose the best for the organization (Banfield, P.Kay,R, 2008). The major goal of selection is to choose the best person for the job. Selection matches the candidates as per the job requirements to understand that how well the candidate will perform to the requirements of the offered position as they do not want that the candidate to leave the organization in a short span of time. As the recruitment and selection process costs to the company hence the selectors want the best candidate. Basically the objectives of the selection are as follows: To collect the relevant information. Organize and study the information collected. Evaluate each candidate. Hence, it could be better understood as the important aspects in the organisation. The organisation does the recruitment and selection to achieve the organizational goals. The inappropriate selection can result in the loss to the organisation. There are various ways of doing the recruitment, like advertisement, head hunters and some do the recruitment fairs. Hence the recruitment and selection process differs from the sector to sector. In current scenario, the company invests the considerable amount of money to recruit and select the best suitable person for the organization so that the person could be an asset for the organisation. The long process starts from, Identifying requirements, screening, process design and the process end by offering the appointment letter. After this the training is provide to the candidate. The training also cost a considerable amount of money on the candidate. The following stages are used in the recruitment process. Refer Fig . Identify vacancy Prepare job description and specifications Advertising the vacancy Managing the response Short listing Arrange interviews Conduct interviews and decision making India is recognized as the emerging economies worldwide. India has a large population and it has got a vast land size. The land size has a diverse culture and extreme diversities in income level which vary state to state. The country has a high level of illiteracy rate among the large population, however, the country still got a huge reservoir of managers and technological advanced talent. Between 30%-35% of population resides in metros and urban cities and rest in urban, semi urban and rural centres. The countrys economic policy framework reflects features such as structure, size and diversity of the banking and the financial sector. There are basically two types of sectors operated in India, Private sector and the Public sector. In the private sector there are three main types of organization, which are Sole traders, Partnership and the franchises. The public companies are those companies which are owned by the government. These companies are well known in national and as well as the international companies. Recruitment Process Fig , Different Stages for Recruitment process The country need to have a sound and effective banking system so that the country could have a healthy economy. The banking system of any country should be smooth and should be ready to face of the challenges which could be incurred by the technological or the other external or internal forces. The major name in the Indian banking industry is State Bank of India. This bank originates in the first decades of the 19 century. Later, it got merged with the imperial bank of India. Further the government of India nationalized the Imperial bank along with the reserve bank of India and the name was changed to State bank of India. It is one of the Indias largest commercial banks. The government controls maintains a stake of 60% in State bank of India. The bank has 13,500 branch offices throughout India, staffed by nearly 220,000 employees (Source: www.sbi.co.in). State Bank of India is also present worldwide. Not only is this but the important point to notice here that, because of the effective management the SBI has to manage to make an international presence as well. Thats the only reason that they have office in almost 12 other countries around the world apart from India such as the ones listed below (Source: www.sbi.co.in) Bahrain China Japan Mauritius United States of America Indonesia United Kingdom Nepal Singapore SBI Canada SBI California South Africa Aim of the Project The main aim of this research would be to target on the importance of recruitment and selection in one of the leading public and private sector banks in India, State bank of India and I. C. I.C.I and how does it differ from a private limited bank. Secondly, would try to find out, how the recruitment and selection process affects the applicants and their views, with the help of a questionnaire. Objectives of the project To identify the general practices used by both the public limited bank, State bank of India. To identify the general practices used by both the private limited bank, I. C. I. C. I. To make a broader understanding as how the recruitment and the selection process affects the State bank of India and I. C. I. C. I banks. How the recruitment and selection in State bank of India differs from a private limited bank. To determine as which practice is the best form the comparison study. To find out the recruitment policy of ICICI Bank Importance of the Project Study The study that I have done is quite significant in one sense; its to highlight the practical application that the HR Managers need to deal with their HR policies relations and responsibilities. The study is to provide a flavour the recruitment and selection process is carried out in these banks. Reason for the Project The reasons for the project are quite clear, having a look the tremendous history of the bank. Its quite evident that any passerby would like to have a look, what is that has made the bank to become of the biggest in the country and a worldwide presence too. That is the reason that these project and research studies have been designed. The main reason for the project is to understand the business areas of these two major Indian public and private banks and understand their way of business and then primarily understand the HR plans and their working cultures. Because India being such a diverse nation and to put across any business lines or strategies it needs to be really sound and the people who are behind the planning and the implementation of these strategies need to be having the exact idea and the way the people are going to respond the idea of the bank. All this is done with a clear picture of the banks goals and objectives. So these are the main areas that are basically tired t o be analysed. The other important area to be analysed for this project is the customers and the bank relationships too. Scope of the Project The scope of this project is to understand the working and the recruitment and selection of the employees. The following points Extent of the Research Inclusions On the research Exclusion of the research Limitations to the research Literature Review As mentioned earlier, the term recruitment can be determined as the process of identifying the pool of appropriate candidates which is suitable for the job vacancy outside the organization or within the organization is a cost effective manner. However selection can be best understood as the process where the best person is chosen from a pool of desired candidates. The recruitment and the selection are the core areas of the human resource management. Hence, it makes the company to choose the appropriate person for the organization which helps in achieving the goals and performance of the organization. In simple words the recruitment selection chooses the best person for the organization. The recruitment and selection process focuses on the candidate which fulfils all the requirements of the vacancy and also trains them for the desired post. The employees are recruited on the basis of many things, good communication skills, flexibility and openness of the person etc. The recruiters sel ect the candidate on the basis of many qualities for the good performance and also on the qualities which they notice while interviewing the person (Hay, 2006). The largest country in South Asia is India. It has a huge financial system with varied financial institution. Indian banking sector was well developed prior to its Independence (1947). There was a significant presence of both foreign and domestic banks and well developed stock market. (Bery, 1996). In India there are 26 public sector bank, 22 private sector bank, 56 Urban and cooperative bank and 29 foreign banks in India (Indian banking Association). In India the top banks among all the banks is the Reserve bank of India. The Reserve bank of India supervises the banking functions of the other banks (Source: www.sbi.co.in). State bank of India is the largest financial service provider company. It provides a range of banking products. It has got 16,000 branches and India and has the highest branch in India. The company had a profit of Rs.10, 998 crores ($24.18 billion) (Source: www.sbi.co.in). Recruitment and selection plays a major role in any of the banking or financial sector. The people are the main force on which the economy depends. If the HR people take a wrong decision in selecting a candidate to work the company can die. The majority of the companies use the same pattern of recruiting and selecting the employees which are as follows: Job analysis profile of knowledge, skill, competencies, ability and the temperament suggest decision made on recruitment and selection. Identification of the need for the new employee through the re organization or by the replacement of the employee. Select the employee internally. Format the application and the process foe examining the criteria determined. Job vacancy and the other publicity material are put into the public domain. An application arrives Experimental procedures Research Methodology In my research I will be using the qualitative and the quantitative methods but will focus majorly on the qualitative method. The reason is that the qualitative data is quite descriptive and I will be able to express the results and also the feedback from the employees in a descriptive manner. The main aim of the study will be the recruitment and selection in State bank of India. The reason of retention in the companies, as the research requires more of interviews, which can be telephonic or face to face makes the report more descriptive. The questionnaire will be distributed in both the public and the private bank and the analysis will be done as which practice is the best. The project will be done in two stages. Primary research Secondary research Primary research Primary research involves the collection and also the raw data which is collected through surveys and interviews will be analysis. The result will be discussed and evaluated. The primary sources which I will be using to collect the data are- Collecting the data from common using questionnaires. Interviewing the employee and the HR managers of the multinational organization. Secondary research This research includes the study based upon the reading of the books and the journals which are referred in the library. The reading will involve the reading which is written by the different scholars on the same issue. All the arguments from the different scholars will be deeply analysis will be conducted. The conclusion will be drawn and then evaluated with the date and the finding collected by me. The basic understanding can be achieved by the review of the different books. The secondary sources which I will use to collect the data are- The digital library B.C.U library Human resource management articles and journals Business magazines Reports News paper articles Data Processing The graphs and the pie charts will be used to show the data collected from the questionnaires. The result be descriptive and will be achieved by the questionnaires and the personal contact with the Human resource management people and the employees of both the public and the private limited company. Concept of the Project The project is basically broken down into three broad areas Basic Recruit process and their importances Recruit and selection process of State Bank of India Recruitment and selection process of I. C. I. C. I A brief qualitative study is done on the three highlighted areas of the project, the main area of research is to analyse how the recruitment process of the bank are in line with the ones commonly followed by the general companies and the ones that are specifically developed by the bank keep in view their requirements etc. Methodology The following methodology is followed in this project in order to achieve the aim objectives. The following flow chart gets the information regarding the flow of the project and the way in which the result is and the analysis is carried out. Refer Fig . Recruit and Selection Process in Banks Recruit and Selection Process in Banks Recruit and Selection Process in Banks Recruit and Selection Process in Banks Recruitment Process Definition Understanding of Recruitment Recruitment means is the process of estimation of the available vaccines and to make the required arrangements for their selection and appointment. Recruitment can also be defined as the process for obtaining people for a certain job, and from the pool the right people can be selected. The formal definition of the recruitment process is Its the process of attracting and finding among them capable and suitable candidates for possible employment. The whole process starts when the new recruits are sought, and their applications are submitted to go to the next level of the process. This first process results in a pool of applicants for whom the potential new employees can be selected. The process with a wide range of publicity through different sources and the interested candidates are encouraged to submit applications for further processing and the following interviews. The most important thing to remember is to say that recruitment is the first step of contact that a company makes with its potential future employees. Recruitment is the process of searching for prospective employees and stimulating them to apply for jobs in the organisation Edwin Flippo Need for Recruitment The recruitment can be as a result form the following reasons that may arise in any of the companies or organisations The vacancies that are as result of internal departmental promotions, Employee transfers, Retirement of employees, Termination or Resignation of Employees, Permanent Disability of Employees and Death of Employees Requirement of new jobs due to expansion of the organization or diversification of business activities. Requirements that may arise due to increase in business resulting from the unexpected or massive success of a specific product or service of the company Refer fig . Fig , Reasons for Recruitment Importance of Recruitment The main purposes of the requirement are listed down of the many advantages of the requirement process a few are listed below. Refer Fig . To determine the present and the future requirements of any business in line with the HR planning To increase the capable resources for the business with a minimum impact on the budget for recruitment To increase the success and the efficiency of the selection process. This can be achieved by the reduction of under qualified and over qualified candidates To minimize the probability of candidates who may leave the organization after a short time. Because the recruitment process involves money and time. To help the company or the organization to meet the legal rules and regulations of the country Evaluate and increase the efficiency of the recruitment process and enhance the process and find out flaws from time to time in order to maintain the company standard. Fig , Functions of Requirement Effects of Improper and Unplanned Requirement Process The recruit process can be considered the deciding factor that plays a very important role in the companys search for the best talent available in the market in the form of the employees who are going to take the company to meets its goal and objectives but if the process is not carried in a planned fashion then it may result in catastrophic damage for the companys future operations. The following are a few effects that the company may face due to the poor recruitment techniques. Low productivity of the Employees Low or very little turnover of the company due to incompetency of the employees Excessive wastage of the resources due to lack of the best in class knowledge of the tools More accidents that may result at the work place creating a loss to the company Inefficient use of the tools and the companys processes Process of Recruitment The process of recruit is attracting the able candidates to fill the vacancy and become employees of the organisation. The process of recruitment has a few procedures that need to be followed at all times in order to successful completion of the recruitment process The recruitment process can be considered to be completed in the following five stages Planning the recruitment process Developing a strategy for the process Searching for the right candidate Screening the candidates Evaluation and control of the process The best recruitment process is the one that attracts a large number of applicants, who can survive all the above mentioned process. If not properly planned and executed may result in the loss of potential candidates. In order to avoid this the HR department needs to have clear idea of what is the job profile that is required and the type of assessment that are to be carried out in order to have the perfect applicant to be chosen. Refer Fig . Fig , Stages of Recruitment Process Phase 1 Planning Recruitment Process This is the first stage of the recruitment process, proper planning and process would help the company to select skilful and good potential employees from the pool of candidates. The main goal of the planning stage is the translation of the available job vacancies and the job description into an understandable format for the candidates to apply. The places where the walk-in interviews need to be taken and the people who are going to assists for the technical and the administration departments also need to made well in advance so that the potential loss of a expected candidate can be avoided. The main targets include. Refer Fig . The number of vacancies available in each of the specific category The type of applicants the company is interested The job descriptions and roles involved in the jab category Planning of the whole recruiting process from the venue to the people who are going to support the whole process. Fig , Recruitment Planning Process in an Organisation Phase 2 Developing a strategy for the process When the planning phase is successfully completed with de acceptance, form the head of the department s of the different departments. The next and the important phase of the process is to build a strategy for how the whole process is going to work and what is to be done the event of a unplanned scenario etc, who are the key and the responsible people for the whole event and any other related information tot assists the HR people to make decisions. The main important points to develop a strategy for the recruitment process are listed below. Refer Fig . Create the New Employees or Buy the New Employees * The technological tools that are required for the recruitment process Study of the Geographical distribution of the skill markets (Labour Markets) Study of Sources of Recruitment Sequencing the activities in the recruitment process Fig , Developing the Strategy for Recruitment *A Creating new employee is the process of hiring new applicants forms from the pool of skill that is a result of the advertisement and publicity. These after a proper and strategic assessment will be used for the selection of the candidate. On the other hand the Buying means hiring form a third party manpower suppliers a or taking people on a contract for a specific period of time. This type of recruitment is basically when you want people to work on a very specific and a limited basis. Phase 3 Searching for the right candidate The third phase in the process after the successful implantation of the other two is where and how to search for the perfect candidates and the perfect skills you are looking for. Studies have suggested that there are two basic ways of searching for the right candidate with the right skill set etc. This is taken in a step by step process with each other working back to back. Refer Fig . Step 1: Resource Activation request declaration form the middle management Step -2: Selling Step 1: Resource Request Typically in an organisation the recruitment process starts with a vacancy that has aroused in any of the departments such as the technical or non-technical or any of the administration departments. Once there is a vacancy or a n extra resource is required for the job then the middle mangers have need to pass it over to the top management or the bosses for a resource in the weekly or the bi-weekly meeting , then that is further cascaded to the HR to search for the suitable candidate. Firstly they have study in various aspects of the requirement, such as the Budget etc and try to see and internal was of filling the post and if they have no one to fill in then they starts using all the above mentioned ways to fill in the post. Step 2: Selling This is the second step is the immediate reaction the company is going to undergo once when they find a vacancy due for a filling, then they may use the advertising agencies in order to attract the right candidates and for further assessment before they can be hired Fig , Steps in searching phase of Recruitment Phase 4 Screening the candidates Screening is the most important of all the four in the sense that it differentiates or filter the good candidates from the bad or the ones that company would like not to hire. The recruitment process starts from the screening phase. All the scrutinised in this phase of the recruitment process, the following points are worth consideration to understand the process in more detail. Purpose of the screening process The main purpose of the screening process is for sough ting out the unfavourable conditions or the candidates who are not up to the mark and the standards at a early stage of the recruitment process. In the screening process there are no clear job specifications that are required for the candidate to have for the job. But as a good experience and good practice the candidates qualifications are judged on the basis of their skills, knowledge of the subject, attitude and important of all the interest to do the job. Refer Fig . Fig , Screening process for Recruitment The screening process vary for the different for kind of jobs that are required for filling and every job will need to be handle in a different way depending on the criticality of the job and the type of skills that are required for Example: There are some specific jobs such a s hiring a Professor for a educational Institution such as a university is a kind of typical situation. The applications that are received as a response to the publicity and the advertisements are screened and only the eligible candidates are called fro a personal interview. Then the interview is taken y a selection committee which may comprise of the important people of the university such as the Vice Chancellor, Registrar and the Subject Experts who can conduct the interviews. So even there are some certain ways to follow for the general situation for the screening process there may be certain situations there may be some enhancement to be made to the existing system or special type of committees can be brought in to do the job screening the candidate for the job. Phase 5 Evaluation and control of the process The evaluation and control is necessary and termed as the important step in the recruitment process. Because of the recruitment process there are costs incurred by the company so there needs to some kind of control over the money that is going into the recruit process with the budget that has been selected by the company. The following are the ways in which there can be money to be spent by the company. Salaries and perks for the people involved in the recruitment process The time of the management and the professional people spent on the preparation of the job vacancy numbers, Job descriptions, Advertisements, Agency Liaison, so on and so forth. The important and major way of spending on the recruitment is the advertisement and the contracts with the third party agents. Overheads and unplanned events that are a result of recruitment process and the administrative expenses. The extra cost that is resulting from the overtime and the outsourcing while the vacancies remain unfilled for a long time or there are very limited resources on a specific skill set. The cost that the company needs to bare due to the selection of unsuitable or candidates not fitting the bill for the job are selected. The above mentioned five phases of the recruitment process are the very common ones that are used for the recruitment by the organisation. But as it mentioned earlier as well that there may be other ways in which the recruitment process can be taken. So this implies to say that the recruitment process is a critical process and needs a lot of planning and in depth knowledge to pick the best candidates who have the desired qualities professionally and personally. The more the people who fit the job are picked the company will have a sure success then by selecting unsuitable people. Sources of Recruitment The other important area of the recruitment process is the sources of recruitment. The following the common ways in which the organisations generally source for the recruitment process in their companies. Refer Fig . The flow chart gives the information regarding the major of sourcing that can be used in the recruitment process. In order to have a diverse work force and good work culture its always better to have a new recruitment in order to have a new ideas to come in the process which may help the organisation in many ways. Because by the internal referral schemes it may be for a certain and a certain number of vacancies but if this type of sourcing is followed then it may have a certain disadvantages as well. Because this would have an impact on the companys future as well, if not corrected and acted in time. The sources of recruitment are broadly classified in two main categories Internal Sources of Recruitment External Source of Recruitment Internal Source of Recruitment Promotions and Transfers This is a very effective measure for the filling of certain type of vacancies depending on the personal records and the achievements of an employee. The personal records may include educational qualifications and the skill level incurred in the process of acquiring experience. Promotions are a best way to build up good relations between the organisation and the employee. This is way to build the morale of the employee apart from the encouraging the component individuals who are self motivated to make them more recognisable for a promotion. So, this is a good way to enhance the performance for the employees. On the other hand the transfers are other way to make the employees view the organisation on a broad spectrum. This may even be helpful to find employees for the future promotions. Employee Internal Referrals Employees can help their pals and family by acquainting them with the advantages of the company and the vacancy that are available in the company. The major advantage of this type of source is that the employees may only bring those referrals those they feel will fit the bill. This also gets the feeling of ownership for the employees. Former Employees This type includes the employees who are retired by but still can work on limited time basis such as Part time and also other employees who have left the company in the past but would return for better prospects or higher compensations. There are a lot of advantages in this type because these employees have a lot of information and good understanding of the processes of the company. This would further minimise the time in a sense there is no need for induction etc. This in turn saves time and money to the company. Recalling Earlier Employees This type can be used to recall certain employees who have left the company or made redundant in the past, because of recession or lack of business or order to conti

Project Management Essay example -- Business Research Papers Managing

Project Management The concept of project management is a vague yet essential part of the average work environment. Typically, this process is overlooked by the average person, and its function within academic, business, and research environments is essential to the development of products, theories, and success. The idea behind project management is to separate a group of people, small or large depending on the size of the company, and focus their efforts on a goal or ‘project’. Each company or organization has a different methodology when it comes to arranging their project management group. However, these organizations usually follow a core set of ideas or concepts that have been proven successful in the development of goals. Two factors contribute to the overall goals of a project management team, individual skills on the team and the process by which those skills are applied. To begin a discussion about project management, it is good to break down the separate parts of the organization and look at the necessary skills for successful project managers. Each company has specific qualities which a candidate for employment should possess. For example, the International Health Economics Association recently posted a job position for a project manager online. Some of the required responsibilities are as follows; â€Å"Understand client requirements†¦Supervise data collection and analysis†¦Evaluate data†¦Develop findings and recommendations which are appropriate to client requirements† (IHEA 2004). Another emphasis, which seems to be the same across many job postings, is an ability to participate in the international market. In the current global business world, very few large companies or organizations limit their resear... ...ach individual project is vital to achieve success in the business world. Works Cited Canadian Institute for Health Information. â€Å"Project Manager, Health Services Research.† Online: http://secure.cihi.ca/cihiweb/dispPage.jsp?cw_page=career_ projmanHSR_e. July 26, 2004. Covance. â€Å"Job Description.† Online: http://www.sciencejobs.com/list/ViewJob- eur2285.html. July 26, 2004. International Health Economics Association. â€Å"Senior Associate/Project Manager, Health Economics and Outcomes.† Online: http://www.healtheconomics.org /jobs/2004/08/15/senior-associateproject-m.html. July 26, 2004. Tenstep. â€Å"TenStep Project Management Process.† Online: http://www.tenstep.com/0.0.0 TenStepHomepage.htm. July 26, 2004 Wideman. â€Å"Project Management Plan - to - Project Plan Development† Online: http://www.pmforum.org/library/glossary/PMG_P12.htm. July 26, 2004

My Interest in Law :: Law College Admissions Essays

My Interest in Law    My interest in reading law stems from an early exposure to the subject.   I sometimes accompanied my grandfather to courts and was quick to later on imitate the inquisitive, argumentative, critical as well as negotiating characters of lawyers.  Ã‚   Eventually, I decided I would become one.   My chosen subjects have always reflected this decision and in my years 10 and 11, I won the Best-in-History award, while being highly competitive in English Language and Literature, Government and Religious Studies.   At my A-Level stage, I thoroughly enjoy the research, analysis and writing that goes on in my chosen subjects of English Literature, Economics & Business Studies, Politics and Theology, most especially the latter two.    Securing a work experience placement with Withers Solicitors, London enabled me to interact with solicitors and gain an insight to various aspects of the legal profession such as will drafting and family law.   This increased my anxiety to study law.   During my last spring holiday (April 2001), I got a job working as a receptionist in Chalk Hill Heath Centre, Wembley, London.   Apart from the dignity of labour I gained from doing the work, the experience of working with a wide variety of patients including the obdurate has improved my communication skills.    My participation in the Model United Nations (MUN) conferences run by some schools in Europe and the USA has improved my debating skills, public speaking and helped me to cultivate the habit of researching as well as negotiating.   These qualities are essential in the study and practise of law.   In the Belfast 2001 MUN conference my delegation received the 'Commended Delegation' award due to our hardwork and team effort.      With my reputation as a morally upright student, I was appointed to the highly responsible post of Anglican Chapel Prefect of my school from May 1999 to June 2000 and my task included mobilising students to attend worship on Sundays, as well as assisting other school prefects to run the school. My good communication skills helped to elect me to the office of the Secretary-General of the Photography Club from September 1999 to June 2000, during which I was responsible for minuting meetings and organising club activities. I co-organised a successful Afro-Caribbean Night at my school last May by which we raised seven hundred pounds for Hope and Homes Charity Organisation.   At present I am a House Prefect.

Representation of Manners :: essays research papers

Representation of Manners   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The novel of manners is a novel that focuses on the customs, values, and mindset of a particular class or group of people who are situated in a specific historical context (Bowers and Brothers 5). The context tends to be one in which behavior has been codified and language itself has become formulated, resulting in a suppressing or regulating of individual expression. Often, this type of novel details a conflict between the individual’s desires and the ethical, moral, economic, or interpersonal mandates of society (Bowers and Brothers 5). The House of Mirth by Edith Wharton is a novel of manners concerned with the subtle nuances of behavior and standards of correctness portrayed by the upper-class of New York in the late 1890s. In the novel, Wharton uses the genre to depict Lily Bart’s struggle to maintain individualism while conforming to society’s expectations.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The novel of manners developed in the 19th century as authors explored the place of women in society and the social effect of marriage (Bowers and Brothers 4). These authors wanted to show in particular the problems that come with marriage as well as with the problems of conforming to society. The world of the novel of manners was perceived as a woman’s world, viewed from a woman’s perspective (Bowers and Brothers 4).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The genre developed four specific conventions in the 19th century. Out of the four, three of the conventions are represented in The House of Mirth. One of the conventions was that the protagonist of the novel was usually a single woman looking to get married. The second convention dealt with the woman’s understanding of the socio-economic class within the novel. This was an important factor because it determined whom the woman would marry. The third convention found in The House of Mirth was the novel ending with the marriage or death of the protagonist, the case of Lily Bart, death. The House Mirth portrays all these conventions in the novel but instead of Lily conforming to society, Lily attempts to develop her own self-identity and independence.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Lily Bart, the protagonist of The House of Mirth, was an unmarried 29 year old woman who desired to be a social success â€Å"[or] to get as much as one [could] out of life†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Wharton 81). Her mission was to marry a relatively wealthy man, thereby ensuring her financial stability and a place in the higher levels of New York society.

Company G 3 Year Marketing Plan Essay

XG Wi-Fi Gateway for mobile devices. Introduction With two decades of innovative and award winning design, Company G has grown to be a market leader in consumer electronics. The Company enjoys unparalleled brand recognition and is highly rated and trusted by consumers worldwide. Company G’s products are known for their original design, durability and use of innovative technology. Company G’s brands enjoy both high consumer desirability and high consumer loyalty. With a reputation as a trend setter, many of Company G’s mobile electronic products are sought-after as â€Å"Status Symbols† purchases. Some of the Company’s products benefit from a cult like following among early adopters and some serve as industry bench-marks against similar products. With the introduction of the XG Wi-Fi Gateway, the Company plans to continue to strive to be the first to market in the consumer electronic market segments that it enjoys competing in. The Company will also maintain the practice of extending products life c ycles and promoting their market positions by offering novel peripheral products such as the XG Wi-Fi Gateway timed to support and broaden the market interest and appeal associated with other existing XG products. Mission Statement â€Å"We combine beautiful design and intuitive functionally to provide consumers with desirable products that enhance the quality and convenience of their lives.† The Product The new XG Wi-Fi Gateway for mobile devices allows consumers to easily manage which Wi-Fi enabled mobile device can assess their secured home Wi-Fi network. The XG Wi-Fi Gateway is a peripheral product of the Company’s popular XG Wireless Router series. The XG Wi-Fi Gateway is industry compliant with North America and Euro Zone wireless communication standards and is compatible with other manufacturer’s routers. The XG Wi-Fi Gateway for mobile devices allows a consumer to manage their secure home Wi-Fi network through any other device designated as the â€Å"Administrator†. When a new Wi-Fi enabled device attempts to access the home Wi-Fi network through the XG Wi-Fi Gateway, an alert message is sent to the administrator. The administrator can choose several pre-set network access options as well as select from their own custom rules allowing or limiting network access to specific devices. The XG Wi-Fi Gateway for mobile devices is a 3 inch by 3 inch by 1/3 inch pad that links to the home router via a 2.0 USB plug. The XG Wi-Fi Gateway for mobile devices can also connect directly to any router with the additional purchase of a USB to Ethernet converter cable. The XG Wi-Fi Gateway for mobile devices has a minimal footprint. Once connected, the consumer does not have to interact with or manipulate the devices and it can be hidden or placed out of the way behind a computer or router. The administrator interacts with the XG Wi-Fi Gateway for mobile devices through the Wi-Fi Gateway application. The software is provided and compatible with desktop and laptop computers running Windows, OS X and Chrome operating systems. A free Wi-Fi Gateway application can also be downloaded, installed and run on smart phones and tablets using iOS, Android and Windows Mobile. The XG Wi-Fi Gateway for mobile devices is also compatible with the Xbox360 and PS3 gaming consoles. Consumer Product Classification The consumer product classification for the XG Wi-Fi Gateway for mobile devices falls under a shopping product. Additionally it should be considered with a sub-classification of unsought products. The XG Wi-Fi Gateway extends the functionality and security of modern router, thus the separate, pre-purchase of a router is required. Consumers have ample information available to make decisions regarding purchase decisions for routers; however, they have limited knowledge of the XG Wi-Fi Gateway peripheral or add-on. Consumers will require education and persuasion during the buying process. This is seen as a unique product, currently, there are no other devices or substitutes that offer the functionality of the XG Wi-Fi Gateway. Target Market Majority of our consumers will be males, head of household age 25-54, in a home with a wireless router. The household has multiple computers, smart phones or tablets. Our consumer expresses interest in electronic gadgets and considers themselves to be a â€Å"tech savvy† buyer. The target consumer is conscious about online security threats and has purchased or upgraded anti-virus software in the last 24 months. Our shopper is engaged with online social networks and media with most news delivered to the household digitally. Purchases of electronic products are heavily influenced by the favorable opinions and reviews from friends and colleagues. They are also strongly influenced by negative reviews of products by tech blogs and consumer comments in social media. Household income of our target consumer is $32,000- $70,000 annually with at least one child living in the home. Analysis of Competitive Environment Threat of new competition The threat of new competition is high. Our belief is the technologies associated with the XG Wi-Fi Gateway could be replicated by any of the other leading manufacturers of wireless routers. Company G hold proprietary technology in the design of the XG Wi-Fi Gateway and will fight to protect its interests and rights, however other manufactures could adopt their own existing patents and processes to compete. We feel these other established brands with distribution channels could generate a competitive rivalry if they choose to enter this market. Threat of substitute products or services The threat of a substitute product is low. Consumers determine if they have a need for the features offered by the XG Wi-Fi Gateway or they choose to forgo those features and service. The XG Wi-Fi Gateway has a high level of product differentiation. Consumers attempting to replicate the services of the XG Wi-Fi Gateway will find it technologically challenging and cost prohibitive to duplicate. Bargaining power of consumers Consumers have moderate bargaining power. The XG Wi-Fi Gateway is a discretionary purchase. The consumer has to desire the enhanced control of their home Wi-Fi network and or the additional security offered by the product. Buyers who have suffered a loss from a network breach will be less price sensitive than those only looking to enhance their level of control. We expect downward price pressure due to demand to bundle and discount the XG Wi-Fi Gateway with other XG routers. Bargaining power of suppliers Threats from suppliers are low. While our product is new, most of the individual components are already mass produced or can easily be produced on existing manufacturing lines requiring only minimal retooling. Key proprietary components can be produced by several of Company G’s subsidiaries. Suppliers and materials are plentiful and available globally. Intensity of competitive rivalry Rivalry is low. Currently there are no competing products for the XG Wi-Fi Gateway market. Company G enjoys significant brand recognition and brand loyalty. The XG lines also profits from a history of positive consumer reviews and ratings and benefits from higher perceived value when compared to similar products in the market. Outlays are kept low by utilizing existing manufacturing facilities and distribution channels. Costs, such as R&D, marketing, engineering and packaging design are allocated and shared across the whole XG catalog of products. SWOT Analysis Strengths 1.Company G and the XG Brand have high consumer loyalty and are recognized for innovative product design and functionality. 2.The XG Wi-Fi Gateway is the first of a kind to market. 3.The XG Wi-Fi Gateway received positive reviews from influential tech blogs and media. Support 1.Company G has carefully nurtured and reinforced its company brands. Company G has invested a considerable amount of resources promoting and showcasing the various products in the XG line. XG branded products benefit for the loyalty and familiarity consumers have with the existing line thus helping to lower overall new consumer acquisitions costs. We consider this strength to be a core competency. 2.As a first of a kind to market, Company G can maintain a higher price point by controlling the amount of products available without fear of lost of market share to competition. Company G can operate as a monopoly until others enter the market. First to the market also helps reinforce the XG brand’s reputation as a leader in providing cutting edge technology to consumers. We consider this strength to be a core competency. 3.Our target market reads and is influenced by tech blog reviews. Tech blog reviews are a valuable cost neutral resource for increasing product awareness and help raise consumer sentiment and increase product differentiation. Weaknesses 1.The XG Wi-Fi Gateway is a secondary purchase or upgrade after the initial purchase of a router. 2.Low target consumer awareness of product. 3.Target consumer requires educated before purchase. Support 1.Consumers are resistant to making an additional secondary purchase after deciding to buy a router. Consumers realize the enhanced services the XG Wi-Fi Gateway offers are not essential to a secure home network and may postpone a purchase until a demonstrated need is established. 2.As a first of a kind to market, consumers are not aware of the product. The target market is highly sought after and regularly bombarded with sophisticated marketing campaigns. The XG Wi-Fi Gateway is a peripheral product and does not command the spotlight associated with a flagship product launch. 3.Our target consumer will do research prior to making a purchase. Company G will have to put forth assessable information through multiple media outlets for the consumer to find and review. Additionally, sales persons and other trusted sources will need to be introduced to specifications and features of the XG Wi-Fi Gateway to be credible and persuasive. Opportunities 1.The XG Wi-Fi Gateway can be developed for commercial and retail use. 2.Integration into other manufactures’ routers through licensing agreements. 3.Add versatility with the incorporation with NFC (near field communication) chips. Support 1.The technology in the XG Wi-Fi Gateway could be upgraded to provide a solution in commercial spaces (coffee shops, restaurants stores†¦) that want to control, monitor or monetize their Wi-Fi bandwidth service. This would expand the XG line into a new market. 2.Company G could increase revenues by licensing the XG Wi-Fi Gateway technology to other router manufactures. By providing completive licensing agreements, it reduces the incentive of the competition from developing rival technology. 3.Near field communication (NFC) chips are an emerging technology with potential to disrupt retail checkout/payment process. The inclusion of NFC could help broaden the market for the XG Wi-Fi Gateway as the technology becomes more widely available in the retail industry. Threats 1.Shifts in technology away from Wi-Fi protocols and services. 2.A low cost competitor enters and disrupts the market. 3.A widespread security breach or software flaw could be catastrophic for the product. Support 1.The pace of change and innovations in technology is ever quickening. Consumer sentiment tends to move towards the newest standard. Wi-Fi technology is well established, reliable and widely taken for granted, it is the old guard. Some modern countries have already shifted away from Wi-Fi services in favor of cellular protocols or Super Wi-Fi, which functions in the TVWS bandwidth. Any shift away from the Wi-Fi protocol would require retooling of the XG Wi-Fi Gateway with new technology which may be prohibitive due to IP rights or development costs. 2.If a low cost competitor enters the market, Company G would have to spend additional marketing resources defending its market share. Company G would also have to engage in completive pricing to maintain its market position. Lower pricing and increased marketing efforts will have a negative impact on the XG Wi-Fi Gateway’s profits. 3.A security breach could permanently tarnish the XG Wi-Fi Gateway’s reputation. A major flaw or breach could kill the product’s viability in just a few days. Any breach would be an embarrassment to Company G, could result in lower share prices and expose the company to additional liabilities and lawsuits. Marketing Objectives Product Objective Provide our target consumer with an innovated and desirable product that is friendly and enhances their online activities with ease of use, technological compatibility and upgradeability resulting in annual sales of 1.5 million units in the first year, 3 million by the second year and 5 million by the third. Price Objective Pricing for a stand along XG Wi-Fi Gateway will start at $34.99. Company G will also offer up to a 20% savings premium when retailers order, bundle and promote the XG Wi-Fi Gateway with other XG products. Place Objective The XG Wi-Fi Gateway will utilize existing Company G online and retail distribution channels throughout North America and Europe. Additionally, the XG Wi-Fi Gateway will be carried and offered by the 3 leading cable companies in North America when selling optional residential broadband internet services. 100 days post launch, Company G will also introduce the XG Wi-Fi Gateway into AT&T and T-Mobile retail stores and kiosks in North America along with Vodafone retail outlets in the UK and Movistar retail outlets in Spain. Company G will continue to utilize its proprietary predictive algorithms to ensure global product availability. Promotion Objective We expect to increase our target consumer awareness of the XG Wi-Fi Gateway by 25% in the first six months and by 33% by each year post launch. Catching the attentions of our target consume and demonstrating the XG Wi-Fi Gateway’s unique features will be critical to the product’s success. Company G will leverage its name recognition, reputation and media relationships along with its vast distribution channels to ensure the target consumer has ample opportunities to learn about and interact with the XG Wi-Fi Gateway prior to purchase. These Marketing Objectives are crafted to provide the optimal return for all of Company G’s stakeholders. Marketing Strategies Product Strategies †¢Compatibility The XG Wi-Fi Gateway is compatible with all major router equipment sold in North America and Europe. Our target consumer will be assured that The XG Wi-Fi Gateway will work will even previously purchased equipment regardless of the manufacture. †¢Friendly, Ease of Use The XG Wi-Fi Gateway is a plug and forget it device. The software is multi-operating system compatible. The user interface has been extensively reviewed and focuses group tested to ensure an appropriate and intuitive workflow. †¢Longevity, Durability The XG Wi-Fi Gateway hardware has no moving parts and is incased in a durable vinyl covering. The hardware has a life expectancy, with normal use, of 5 to 8 years. Software upgrades are pushed to the device as needed, no interaction is required from the consumer. Given current trends in Wi-Fi technology, Company G expects the software to be compliant with FCC and EU regulators for 10 or more years. Price Strategies †¢Skimming Model Company G will use Skimming Model for the first 100 days. Leading up to The XG Wi-Fi Gateway’s launch, marketing efforts will target the less price sensitive â€Å"early adopters† portion of our consumer group. †¢High-low Pricing High-low pricing will be utilized for the XG Wi-Fi Gateway after 100 days post launch. Special offers will be presented through online and traditional retailers when they bundle other Company G products with the purchase of a The XG Wi-Fi Gateway. Company G will also offer a rebate program in secondary markets coinciding with â€Å"back to school† activities. †¢Psychological Pricing Psychological pricing will be used to have an encouraging psychological influence on our target consumer. The consumer is well educated and well connected and knows what his peers have paid for other similar products. This pricing model will ensure he feels satisfied with the decision leading up to his purchase and comfortable sharing that information with his peer group. Place Strategy †¢Strategic Channel Alliances Company G will utilize strategic channel alliances to get the XG Wi-Fi Gateway in to areas where our target consumers live, work and play. We are partnering with recognized industry leaders to cross promote their compatible products with the XG Wi-Fi Gateway. This strategy allows consumers to see how the product works with other devices and gives them the opportunity to realize an immediate benefit of ownership. †¢Intensive Distribution Model Company G will also unitize an intensive distribution model. We will maximize our current distribution network to deliver the XG Wi-Fi Gateway to all available channels our target consumer may wish to utilize to make a purchase. †¢Pull Strategy Since our consumer desires product specifications in order to make a purchasing decision, Company G will take that â€Å"teaching† opportunity and convert it in to a desire to, at a minimum, interact with the physical product. We will run a campaign to persuade consumers to â€Å"give it a try yourself at your local electronics retailer†. This pull strategy should help Company G entice retailers to provide the XG Wi-Fi Gateway a more prominent position in their outlets as consumers ask to interact with the device. Promotion Strategies †¢Trade Shows Trade Shows are an important and ideal location to introduce the XG Wi-Fi Gateway to our target consumer. He regularly attends trade shows and often shares part of his experience on social media. If our consumer does not attend a show, he often seeks out opinions or stories from friends that have attended. The trade show environment allows us to craft the best possible informational and presentation opportunity outside of the consumer’s own home. This strategy is important because our consumer tends to make multiple electronics purchase within three months after attending a Consumer Electronics Show. †¢Product Placements Seeing the XG Wi-Fi Gateway in use is important to our target consumer. We are identifying their popular movies, television and web series and negotiating subtle placement of the XG Wi-Fi Gateway in to the main story’s setting. Company G used this strategy successfully for several of its mobile products. The overall return for this strategy was better than that of a 30 second commercial buy on a similar type show. Our consumer pays attention to their favorite show and interprets the commercials as interruptions. †¢Trade Allowances Company G will provide advertising and promotion allowances in targeted markets. Trade allowances will be based on a matrix consisting of ratings for the importance of market, the retailer’s foot traffic, sales volume and ad placement and media buy. Retailers can determine how to use the allowance within the terms and conditions of the trade allowance agreement. This strategy demonstrates that Company G values the retailer’s understanding of how to capitalize on the unique marketing challenges in their local market. Tactics and Action Plan Product Action Plan †¢Compatibility oTactic: Test and adjust all XG Wi-Fi Gateway components to ensure the final unit meets all FCC and EU regulations. Test and rate for compatibility against all targeted compatible products. Make adjustments and updates when identified. oDue Date: 6 months before launch then ongoing every 6 months throughout the products life cycle. oResponsible Party: A team made-up of members for the software development group, components and hardware group, competitor intelligence group and the product management team. †¢Friendly, Ease of Use oTactic: Ensure the XG Wi-Fi Gateway is user friendly and offers an intuitive user interface. oDue Date: 9 month ahead of launch. Review will also be conducted before the release of any update that may impact the user interface. oResponsible Party: A team made up of members from market research, software development, public relations and the product management team. †¢Longevity, Durability oTactic: Only high quality components from Company G selected suppliers will be utilized in the manufacturing of the XG Wi-Fi Gateway. All parts are randomly selected for quality assurance and destructive testing throughout the assembly cycle. oDue Date: Continuous once components arrive for assembly. oResponsible Party: Quality control team as well as independent 3rd party auditors. Price Action Plan †¢Skimming Model oTactic: Capitalize and maximize revenue on consumer interest and desire to own a cutting edge product. oDue Date: Initial pricing to be finalized 90 days prior to launch and monitored for the first 100 days post launch oResponsible Party: Financial analysts, accounting, channel marking managers and product management. †¢High-low Pricing oTactic: To maximize the revenue opportunities by providing incentives for retailers and consumers by making special offers by bundling Company G products or offering appropriate rebates. oDue Date: Special pricing, bundling offers and rebate programs will be finalized at launch then reviewed every 3 months. oResponsible Party: Marketing managers, financial analysts, channel marking managers and product managers. †¢Psychological Pricing oTactic: Ensure our target consumer is persuaded that the perceived value is greater than actual retail price. oDue Date: 90 days prior to launch then every 3 months. oResponsible Party: Marketing managers, public relations team, consumer research team, independent 3rd party consumer survey team Place Action Plan †¢Strategic Channel Alliances oTactic: Partner with non-retail partners to introduce the XG Wi-Fi Gateway in unique and impactful locations and situations to our target consumer. oDue Date: 1 year prior to launch then every 3 months. oResponsible Party: Marketing team, channel marking managers and product managers. †¢Intensive Distribution Model oTactic: We will engage all of our distribution and retail partners throughout the entire product cycle. oDue Date: 1 year prior to launch then continuous. oResponsible Party: channel marking managers and distribution management team †¢Pull Strategy oTactic: Entice consumers to ask their local retailers about the XG Wi-Fi Gateway oDue Date:90 days prior to launch then continuously for the first 100 days oResponsible Party: Marketing team and public relations team Promotion Action Plan †¢Trade Shows oTactic: Secure prominent floor space at CESs and Home Shows in major and secondary markets oDue Date:1 Year prior to product launch oResponsible Party: Marketing team, product management team †¢Product Placements oTactic: Identify and secure placement opportunities on targeted media outlets/shows oDue Date: 9 months before launch and through the first year oResponsible Party: Marketing team and media relations team †¢Trade Allowances oTactic: Provide strategic retailers marketing and promotional resources to increase awareness of the XG Wi-Fi Gateway in the local markets they serve. oDue Date: 3 months prior to launch then ongoing. oResponsible Party: Marketing team and channel marking managers Monitoring Procedures To ensure the Product and Marketing Teams meet the XG Wi-Fi Gateway meets Company G’s financial performance goals: Monitoring Activity: Regular review of ongoing product performance and benchmarking. Due Date/Frequency: Weekly meetings.

Density Lab Report

Density is defined by its mass per unit volume, and is most often written in mathematical terms as; d = m / vMass is usually given in grams, g, and volume is given in cubic centimeters, g/cm3, or, grams per milliliter, g/mL. Density is not a property that depends upon the amount of substance present. For example, one gram of lead and one ton of lead have the same density. Density also does depend on temperature. For instance cold water is denser than warm water; ice is less dense than both. The method used for determining the density of a substance depends on the nature of the substance. In this lab the densities of unknown irregularly shaped solids and liquids was determined.Accuracy and precision of the results will be estimated, and attention will be paid to the correct use of the significant figures. The experiment approach that will be used will tell the mass and volume of the metal and liquid determined by measuring these two quantities with a graduated cylinder and biuret. Pro cedure:a) The density of metalsFirst I obtained a quantity of unknown metal. Recording the unknown number. I used only one type of metal for this part of the experiment.The unknown metal that I was instructed to use was a chunk, therefore, I used a 50ml graduated cylinder. When using the 50ml cylinder, I filled it with water to approximately the 35ml mark. Then recorded the exact volume of water that was added. I placed the cylinder and water on the balance and recorded the mass to every 0.1g. I added the metal to the graduated cylinder until the water level increased by approximately 2.0ml. Being sure to tap the sides of the cylinder to release any air bubbles. I then recorded the volume of the water plus metal to the nearest 0.1mL.Then recorded the total mass of the cylinder, water and metal. I added more pieces of metal to the cylinder until the water level had increased by 2.5ml. Then I recorded the exact volume of water plus metal and total mass of cylinder, water and metal. I repeated the procedure twice more. Being careful not to go over the 50ml mark. And recording the data each time.Calculations:I determined the total volume of metal in the cylinder by subtracting the volume of water from the volume of water plus metal. Then found the corresponding mass of metal by subtracting the mass of the cylinder and water from the mass of the cylinder, water and metal. I plotted out the graph showing the total mass of metal on the y-axis, and the volume on the x-axis. I found the slope of the line by taking two random points from the graph, performing the slope formula and finding the density. From the table provided, I identified the unknown metal to be silver.b). Determining the density of a water/ethanol mixture.I obtained an unknown solution from the instructor. Then recorded the number of the solution.Then I rinsed a buret with a little of the ethanol solution, and filled the buret with that same solution. I read the buret level to the nearest 0.05ml. Then weighed an empty 250ml Erlenmeyer flask. I turned the knob of the buret and put approximately 23.4ml of solution into the flask. I read the buret again, to 0.05ml and recorded.Next I weighed the flask and its contents, by placing the flask on the balance and recording the temperature of the solution. I then determined the density of the solution by taking the mass of solution and dividing it by the volume of solution. Repeating the procedure twice more using a clean flask and the same balance each time.Calculations:For each of the three trials I calculated the density of the solution and determined the mean, average deviation from the mean, percent precision and the range. I then drew a calibration curve from the data given on page 17 of my Laboratory Manual.Discussion:Based on the value of my density, and based on the literature values given on page 16 of my Laboratory Manual, the unknown metal is silver. The density I had obtained from the slope of the graph was 9.09g/mL. I then c ompared my density to the chart given, looking for a similar density. The density of my unknown metal was not exact with a particular metal given in  the chart, but I kept in mind that the density of silver can vary depending of the state it is in.Error Analysis:The possible sources of error in finding the density of the unknown metal and liquid would have to be my consistency throughout the experiment. I had approximated with my bare eye and was not consistently exact. Therefore, there was an inaccuracy in reading the volume displaced from the graduated cylinder and the biuret.